Assignment on the Contribution of Charles Babbage, Adam Smith and Robert Owen in the Field of Management Essay

Contribution of Charles Babbage in the field of precaution Charles Babbage (17921871) is kn stimulate as the patron saint of operations research and counselling science. Babbages scientific inventions included a mechanical calculator (his deviance engine), a versatile computer (his analytical engine), and a punch-card machine. Babbages most successful book, On the Economy of Machinery and Manufacturers, published in 1832, described the tools and machinery employ in English factories.It discussed the economic principles of firearmufacturing, and analyzed the operations the skills used and suggested improved practices. He showed that reducing the tasks of manufacturing to their simplest activities increases the numbers of people who advise do them and, thus, reduces the average wage which needs to be paid. According to him, a work should be divided into mental and physical efforts and a thespian should be paid a bonus in proportion to his own efficiency and success of the busine ss.Babbage emphasized the importance of disagreement of labor, indicating that greater clear could be made by specializing. Babbage also emphasized the importance of residual in processes and the principle of optimum size of the manufacturing unit for each coterie of product. Contribution of RobertOwenin the field of Management Robert Owen (17711858) was a successful sparing entrepreneur and a utopian socialist who sowed the first seeds of concern for the workers. He was repulsed by the working conditions and poor treatment of the workers in the factories across Scotland.Owen became a reformer. At New Larnark, in his factory he was trying to remove different approaches to the workers. He trim the use of child labor and used moral persuasion rather than corporal punishment in his factories. He chided his fellow factory owners for treating their equipment better than they treated their workers. In 1813 he proposed a factory elevation to prohibit employment of children under th e age of ex and to limit hours for all children to 103/4 hours per day with no night work.The bill became law six years later, but was limited to cotton mills, reduced the age limit to nine, and included no provision for inspections therefore, the law had petty impact. Owen was totally devoted to management as a profession. Under his direction, houses and streets were built, the stripped working age for children was raised, working hours were decreased, meal facilities were provided, schooling were introduced, and evening merriment centers were opened to meet the problem of leisure. He is the father of modern force play Management.Contribution of spellmetalworkerin the field of Management Adam Smith (17231790) was a Scottish political economist. His Wealth of Nations, published in 1776, established the classical school and with its publication, he became the father of liberal economics. Smith argued that market and competition should be the regulators of economic activity and that tariff policies were destructive. The distinction of labor was the mainstay of Smiths market system. According to Smith, division of labor provided managers with the greatest opportunity for increase productivity.He gives three reasons for the increased output due to the division of labor a) to the increased dexterity in every particular workman b) to the saving of time which is commonly baffled in passing from one species of work to another c) to the invention of a great number of machines which facilitate and abridge labor, and enable one man to do the work of many. His idea about the division of labor is fundamental to modern work simplification and time study, and extends also into such areas as production simplification.